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For definitions of terms and concepts used in this report, see the technical notes. The data were obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a monthly survey of about 60,000 households that is a rich source of information on the labor force. Because of their relatively small sample sizes, estimates for these additional groups are not included in all tables. The report also contains a limited amount of data on American Indians and Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders, people who are of Two or More Races, detailed Asian groups, and detailed Hispanic groups. This report describes the labor force characteristics and earnings patterns among the largest race and ethnicity groups living in the United States-Whites, Blacks, Asians, and Hispanics-and provides detailed data through a set of supporting tables. These factors include variations in educational attainment across the groups the occupations and industries in which the groups work the geographic areas of the country in which the groups are concentrated, including whether they tend to reside in urban or rural settings and the degree of discrimination encountered in the workplace. These differences are associated with many factors, not all of which are measurable. 1 In addition to the effects of the pandemic, there are long-standing labor market differences among the race and ethnicity groups. For example, Blacks, Asians, and Hispanics were disproportionally affected by the pandemic-induced recession in the spring of 2020, in part reflecting their overrepresentation in some of the hardest hit sectors of the economy. The effects of the pandemic on the job market, while widespread, varied across race and ethnicity groups. The labor market downturn in 2020 reflected the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and efforts to contain it. The rate for people of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, at 10.4 percent, was higher than the rate of 7.5 percent for non-Hispanics. The jobless rate was lower than the national rate for Whites (7.3 percent). For the year as a whole, the unemployment rates for Asians (8.7 percent) and Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders (8.9 percent) were not much different from the overall unemployment rate. Among the race groups, jobless rates were higher than the national rate for American Indians and Alaska Natives (11.7 percent), people categorized as being of Two or More Races (11.6 percent), and Blacks or African Americans (11.4 percent). However, the rate varied across race and ethnicity groups. In 2020, the overall unemployment rate (jobless rate) for the United States averaged 8.1 percent. Subscribe to BLS Reports Labor force characteristics by race and ethnicity, 2020